Cultural landscape devastation as a consequence of poor Sustainable Urban Development practice Case study: Kostanjica, Boka Bay, Montenegro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2018.4689Keywords:
Cultural Landscape; Sustainable Urban Development; Investors’ urban planningAbstract
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor, Boka Bay, Montenegro, is well known for its exceptional beauty, evaluated by UNESCO. The unique universal value has been embodied in the cultural landscape: vernacular architecture harmonized with the cultivated terraced landscape on the slopes of high, rocky mountains. Kostanjica is an old settlement in Boka Bay, former fishermen village, recognized for valuable elements of the cultural landscape: chestnut tree and laurel forest, terraced gardens with arable land, fruit gardens, traditional architecture in stone: clusters of houses, piers and docks, pedestrian pathways, pavements, retaining walls, well-integrated in the autochthone Mediterranean vegetation. Since Montenegro has pronounced itself Ecological state in 1991, environmental protection has become the highest priority in all Sustainable Development agendas and policies. Furthermore, preservation of regional peculiarity and fostering distinctive identity of a place, is one of the crucial sustainable development goals. The ongoing development of tourist resort “Boka Gardens” in Kostanjica has revealed these harmful, unsustainable tendencies in Montenegro. On the grounds of investor’s urban planning and profit-driven architecture, the unique and valuable cultural landscape of Kostanjica has been devastated to the extent that Boka Bay’s UNESCO status has been jeopardized. The paper researches cause of this damaging phenomena, seeking for ways of overcoming profoundly harmful building practices, thus leading to a more efficient and sustainable urban development.
Downloads
References
Day, C. (2002). Spirit & Place: Healing our environment. Oxford, GB-USA: Elsevier, Architectural Press.
Dumbović Bilusic. B. & Obad Štitaroci. M. (2007). Kulturni krajolici u Hrvatskoj - identifikacija i stanje zaštite [Cultural Landscape in Croatia – Identification and Protection] in Prostor, (15 2(34)), 260-271. https://hrcak.srce.hr/18534
Grgurevic, T. (1997). Putopisi u funkciji propagande bokeljskog turizma In Martinovic, D. (Ed.), Razvoj turizma u Crnoj Gori u XIX i prvoj polovini XX vijeka (pp. 237-250). [Travel books as marketing means for promotion of Tourism in Boka In Martinovic, D. (Ed.), Development of tourism in Montenegro in XIX and the first half of XX century]. Podgorica, Montenegro: Faculty of Economics; Kotor, Montenegro: Faculty of Maritime Studies; Cetinje, Montenegro: Parliament of the capital.
Izmjena i dopuna DUP-a Kostanjica. (2009). [The Amended Detailed Urban Plan of Kostanjica] Podgorica, Montenegro: Montenegro projekt.
Jong-Jin, K. & Rigdon, B. (1998). Sustainable Architecture Module: Introduction to Sustainable Design. Michigan: College of Architecture and Urban Planning, The University of Michigan.
Lalosevic, I. (2010). Zastita urbanih cjelina na Listi svjetske bastine na primjeru podrucja Kotora in Novi koncepti zastite i obnove urbanih cjelina - integrativna konzervacija i odrzivi razvoj, Zbornik radova, 107-122. Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina: Arhitektonski fakultet [World Heritage Sites Urban Conservation - case study Kotor In New concepts of preservation and revitalization of urban settlements - integrative conservation and sustainable development, Conference Proceedings, 107-122, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina: Faculty of Architecture]. https://www.ucg.ac.me/skladiste/blog_7/objava_36/fajlovi/Bilten%20272%20.pdf
Lalosevic, I., Kapetanovic, A., Gligoric, B. & Franovic, J. (2009). Kostanjica: prirodno i kulturno nasljedje. Kotor, Crna Gora: Expeditio, Arhitektonski fakultet [Kostanjica: Natural and Cultural Heritage. Kotor, Montenegro: Expeditio, Faculty of Architecture]. https://issuu.com/expeditiokotor/docs/kostanjica_publikacija assessed 5th April 2018.
Lješković Mitrović, S. (2014). Priručnik za izradu plana predjela. Podgorica, Montenegro: Ministarstvo održivog razvoja i turizma [Rulebook for Landscape Planning. Podgorica, Montenegro: Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism]. http://www.mrt.gov.me/ministarstvo
Ministry of Culture of Montenegro. (2017). Procjena uticaja na baštinu za prirodno i kulturno-istorijsko područje Kotora. Podgorica, Crna Gora: Arhitektonski fakultet Univerziteat Crne Gore, Ministarstvo kulture Crne Gore [Heritage Impact Assessment Study of Boka Kotorska. Podgorica, Montenegro: Faculty of Architecture University of Montenegro, Ministry of Culture of Montenegro].
Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism. (2016). Nacionalna strategija održivog razvoja Crne Gore do 2030. godine. Podgorica, Crna Gora: Ministarstvo održivog razvoja i turizma [National Strategy of Sustainable Development of Montenegro until 2030. Podgorica, Montenegro: Ministry of Sustainable Development and Tourism],
Ministry of Tourism and Environmental Protection. (2007). Nacionalna strategija održivog razvoja Crne Gore. Podgorica, Crna Gora: Ministarstvo turizma i zaštite životne sredine [National Strategy of Sustainable Development of Montenegro. Podgorica, Montenegro: Ministry of Tourism and Environmental Protection].
Pasinovic M. (2008). Promjena kulturnog pejzaza Dobrote kao posljedica demografskih, socio-ekonomskih kretanja i intervencija u prostoru In Jovanovic, J. (Ed.) Godisnjak Pomorskog muzeja u Kotoru (pp. 367-393). Kotor, Crna Gora: Pomorski muzej [Change of Cultural landscape of Dobrota as a Conseguence of Demographic, Socio-economic Processes as well as of Spatial Interventions]. Annual of Maritime Museum at Kotor. Kotor, Montenegro: Maritime Museum.
Radovic, D. (2005). Pozitivna arogancija i revitalizacija vernakularnih vrijednosti In Vuksanović, D. (Ed.) Tradicionalna arhitektura Crne Gore. Podgorica, Crna Gora: Građevinski fakultet Univerziteta Crne Gore [Positive arrogance and revitalization of the vernacular values In Vuksanovic, D. (Ed.) Traditional architecture of Montenegro]. Podgorica, Montenegro: Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Montenegro.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.